Carl F. Clavenna, MD, received his Master of Science degree in Human Physiology and Biophysics from Georgetown University and his Doctor of Medicine degree from Wayne State University School of Medicine, where he graduated first in his class. Dr. Clavenna completed both an internal medicine internship and an ophthalmology residency at William Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak, Michigan, where he now teaches refractive surgery to ophthalmology residents. He is a member of several prestigious organizations, including the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, the American Academy of Ophthalmology, the International Society of Refractive Surgery and the Michigan Society of Eye Physicians and Surgeons.